Black fungus is known as the "mountain" and "the prime of prime". Mulberry (bar) contains crude protein 5.44%, cellulose 51.88%, lignin 18.81%, half-fiber 23.02%, ash 1.57%, is the production of black fungus and other raw materials. "Tang Bencao Note" records: mulberry, lotus root, lotus root, lotus root, willow, this is five fungus, and mulberry is superior. Because mulberry contains polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and other special components, the black fungus that is cultivated has the functions of reducing blood sugar, reducing fat, inhibiting alcohol, preventing cancer, and enhancing immunity. It is an important member of the modern black family and a nutrient for the 21st century. Healthy food.
Mulberry black fungus cultivation is simple and efficient. Generally, 1 kg of mulberry can produce 1.8 kg of fresh edible fungus and 0.18 kg of dried ears. Each year, mulberry produces 350 kg of dry mulberry, and produces dry ears of 63 kg, which can earn 2520 yuan.
1. Preparation of culture materials to prepare black fungus mulberry branches should be stored for more than 1 year, not moldy, no worms mulberry stalks, crushed into mung bean or soy bean grain size of spare.
43.5kg of mulberry wood chips, 1kg of bean cake powder, 5kg of wheat bran, 0.5kg of gypsum, 0.25kg of lime powder, and 150kg of clean water were mixed and stirred well. It was stuffed with stuff, and it was drenched for 2 hours in spring and boiled for 0.5-1 hours in the fall to make the water. Soaking and dipping.
2. Immediately after bagging and sterilizing the stuffing bag, avoid the acidity of the base material and affect the growth of mycelium. It is packed with a 17 cm 33 cm special polyethylene gusset bag, pressed tightly and loaded 18 cm high. Immediately after loading, use a 27-cm-diameter round wood rod to rotate the hole from the center of the material to the bottom of the bag. Then, put a plastic collar on the mouth of the bag to cover the cotton-free cap.
One 0.1-ton/hour steam boiler was built, and two cement steam tanks with a length of 2.8 meters, a width of 2.8 meters and a height of 1.4 meters were installed and used in turn. Each time the pool discharges 3000 bags, it begins an emergency fire and onslaught, and the temperature in the pool reaches 100°C within 3 to 4 hours. The heat is held for 10 hours and the pool temperature drops to 60°C.
3. The inoculation bag is moved into the inoculation room immediately after leaving the pool. When the feed temperature drops to 30°C, the inoculation effect is the best. Generally, a strain suitable for the local natural conditions is used. One bottle of bacteria can hold 30 bags.
The bacteria-producing chamber should be set up with a bacteria rack, with a width of 1 to 1.5 meters, a channel width of 60 centimeters, and a spacing of not less than 50 centimeters, and 40 to 45 bags per square meter. According to growth requirements of fungus control temperature, humidity, ventilation and light, about 45 days mycelium can be filled with bacteria bags.
4. The ear mycelium grows to the bottom of the bag and can be put out of the bag. The deafness should be built in shady places that are free of water, pollution, and good water sources, such as woods, orchards, and mulberry fields. 1 to 1.5 meters wide, deep and the same height of the bag, swing 23 to 25 bags per square meter.
The plastic bag was used to attach the bag to the lower part of the collar, and the cotton cap and collar were removed. The bag was immersed in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution and the bag was cut in 12 pieces, divided into 3 rows with 4 rows in each row. , Product-shaped arrangement, cut the mouth was "V" shape, the angle of 45 to 60, the side length of 2 cm, 0.5 cm deep. After the mouth cut, bag curtains should be placed immediately. The first layer of straw curtains should be soaked and sanitized with 1000 times of thiophanate-methyl liquid. Leak to cover the bacteria bag directly without dripping. Cover the agricultural film and cover the hay again. curtain. Ears are divided into 3 phases:
(1) Primordium formation period. Requirements temperature 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity 80% ~ 90%, the first 3 days is not ventilated, then every day to open the straw curtain on both sides of ventilation for 10 to 30 minutes, when the humidity is not enough can spray on the wet curtain. After 7 to 10 days, coral-like primordia grows in the mouth.
(2) Fruiting period of differentiation. Generally lasted 5 to 7 days, the required temperature 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity 80% ~ 85%, ventilation every day for 0.5 to 1 hour, the original base began to grow small ears.
(3) Fruiting body growth period. This period from opening to maturity, generally lasted 7 to 10 days, the required temperature of 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity of 95% to 100%, in the evening can not cover straw ventilation, spray water directly to the ear piece, covered with wet curtains in the early morning.
5. Ear picking When the ear is fully expanded, the edges are wrinkled and thin, the color is light, the ear roots contract, and the white spores appear on the ventral surface of the ear. Before harvesting, stop water for 2 days, cover curtains except at 10:00 to 15:00, and uncover the curtain at other times to make the ear pieces dry and dry. Choose no wind to harvest on a sunny day. When harvesting, the roots must be pulled out. The roots that are not pulled out should be removed with a knife to facilitate the ear of the ear. Cut out the culture medium from the root of the ear piece, and spread the ear root down to the stand or on the net to prevent adhesion. Fist ears, ears, ears, ears, not open ears to dry alone, there are dirt impurities to be washed after drying. Usually 2 days to dry, into a plastic bag sealed, cool and ventilated dry place storage.
The bag should be air-dried for 1 day after harvesting. The sunlight should not be allowed to dry at noon. Deafness and its surroundings should be cleaned. The 500-fold thiophanate-methyl solution should be used to disinfect and kill the insects with trichlorfon. Then the bag should be covered with dry curtains. Water is kept for 10 days and then administered according to the first method. Generally, 2 to 3 ears are eared.
From the inoculation to the end of 4 months, under natural conditions, spring cultivation begins in early February and ends in early June; autumn cultivation begins in late July and ends in late November.
Mulberry black fungus cultivation is simple and efficient. Generally, 1 kg of mulberry can produce 1.8 kg of fresh edible fungus and 0.18 kg of dried ears. Each year, mulberry produces 350 kg of dry mulberry, and produces dry ears of 63 kg, which can earn 2520 yuan.
1. Preparation of culture materials to prepare black fungus mulberry branches should be stored for more than 1 year, not moldy, no worms mulberry stalks, crushed into mung bean or soy bean grain size of spare.
43.5kg of mulberry wood chips, 1kg of bean cake powder, 5kg of wheat bran, 0.5kg of gypsum, 0.25kg of lime powder, and 150kg of clean water were mixed and stirred well. It was stuffed with stuff, and it was drenched for 2 hours in spring and boiled for 0.5-1 hours in the fall to make the water. Soaking and dipping.
2. Immediately after bagging and sterilizing the stuffing bag, avoid the acidity of the base material and affect the growth of mycelium. It is packed with a 17 cm 33 cm special polyethylene gusset bag, pressed tightly and loaded 18 cm high. Immediately after loading, use a 27-cm-diameter round wood rod to rotate the hole from the center of the material to the bottom of the bag. Then, put a plastic collar on the mouth of the bag to cover the cotton-free cap.
One 0.1-ton/hour steam boiler was built, and two cement steam tanks with a length of 2.8 meters, a width of 2.8 meters and a height of 1.4 meters were installed and used in turn. Each time the pool discharges 3000 bags, it begins an emergency fire and onslaught, and the temperature in the pool reaches 100°C within 3 to 4 hours. The heat is held for 10 hours and the pool temperature drops to 60°C.
3. The inoculation bag is moved into the inoculation room immediately after leaving the pool. When the feed temperature drops to 30°C, the inoculation effect is the best. Generally, a strain suitable for the local natural conditions is used. One bottle of bacteria can hold 30 bags.
The bacteria-producing chamber should be set up with a bacteria rack, with a width of 1 to 1.5 meters, a channel width of 60 centimeters, and a spacing of not less than 50 centimeters, and 40 to 45 bags per square meter. According to growth requirements of fungus control temperature, humidity, ventilation and light, about 45 days mycelium can be filled with bacteria bags.
4. The ear mycelium grows to the bottom of the bag and can be put out of the bag. The deafness should be built in shady places that are free of water, pollution, and good water sources, such as woods, orchards, and mulberry fields. 1 to 1.5 meters wide, deep and the same height of the bag, swing 23 to 25 bags per square meter.
The plastic bag was used to attach the bag to the lower part of the collar, and the cotton cap and collar were removed. The bag was immersed in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution and the bag was cut in 12 pieces, divided into 3 rows with 4 rows in each row. , Product-shaped arrangement, cut the mouth was "V" shape, the angle of 45 to 60, the side length of 2 cm, 0.5 cm deep. After the mouth cut, bag curtains should be placed immediately. The first layer of straw curtains should be soaked and sanitized with 1000 times of thiophanate-methyl liquid. Leak to cover the bacteria bag directly without dripping. Cover the agricultural film and cover the hay again. curtain. Ears are divided into 3 phases:
(1) Primordium formation period. Requirements temperature 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity 80% ~ 90%, the first 3 days is not ventilated, then every day to open the straw curtain on both sides of ventilation for 10 to 30 minutes, when the humidity is not enough can spray on the wet curtain. After 7 to 10 days, coral-like primordia grows in the mouth.
(2) Fruiting period of differentiation. Generally lasted 5 to 7 days, the required temperature 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity 80% ~ 85%, ventilation every day for 0.5 to 1 hour, the original base began to grow small ears.
(3) Fruiting body growth period. This period from opening to maturity, generally lasted 7 to 10 days, the required temperature of 15 ~ 25 °C, relative humidity of 95% to 100%, in the evening can not cover straw ventilation, spray water directly to the ear piece, covered with wet curtains in the early morning.
5. Ear picking When the ear is fully expanded, the edges are wrinkled and thin, the color is light, the ear roots contract, and the white spores appear on the ventral surface of the ear. Before harvesting, stop water for 2 days, cover curtains except at 10:00 to 15:00, and uncover the curtain at other times to make the ear pieces dry and dry. Choose no wind to harvest on a sunny day. When harvesting, the roots must be pulled out. The roots that are not pulled out should be removed with a knife to facilitate the ear of the ear. Cut out the culture medium from the root of the ear piece, and spread the ear root down to the stand or on the net to prevent adhesion. Fist ears, ears, ears, ears, not open ears to dry alone, there are dirt impurities to be washed after drying. Usually 2 days to dry, into a plastic bag sealed, cool and ventilated dry place storage.
The bag should be air-dried for 1 day after harvesting. The sunlight should not be allowed to dry at noon. Deafness and its surroundings should be cleaned. The 500-fold thiophanate-methyl solution should be used to disinfect and kill the insects with trichlorfon. Then the bag should be covered with dry curtains. Water is kept for 10 days and then administered according to the first method. Generally, 2 to 3 ears are eared.
From the inoculation to the end of 4 months, under natural conditions, spring cultivation begins in early February and ends in early June; autumn cultivation begins in late July and ends in late November.
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