First, temperature:
The apple is a temperate fruit tree with a low temperature and dryness. It requires no cold winter and no summer heat. The suitable temperature range is the annual average temperature of 9-14°C, the extreme winter temperature is not lower than -12°C, the highest monthly average temperature in summer is not higher than 20°C, and the accumulated annual temperature is ≥10°C is about 5000°C, and the growing season (from April to October). ) The average temperature of 12-18 °C, the winter below 7.2 °C low temperature of 1200-1500 hours, in order to successfully through the natural dormancy. The lack of low temperature time, hair leaves, flowering delayed and not neat, and some flower buds do not even sprout, to May loose loose scales, become dry piles, severely reduce production; absolute low temperature below -30 - -32 °C, and frost damage .
Second, the amount of rainfall:
Although apples are native to dry climates in the inland climate in summer, they are more dry, but they still need sufficient water and suitable air humidity to grow and grow normally. However, excessive rainfall and high humidity can lead to foliage. It is dense, with serious pests and diseases, poor fruit color, and low sugar and acidity. Generally annual rainfall of 500-1000 mm, air humidity of 60% -70% is appropriate.
Third, light:
Apple is a joyful fruit tree. It has been determined that most species have a light compensation point of 600-940 lux and a saturation point of 24,000-75,000 lux. Insufficient light directly reduces photosynthetic and tree nutrient levels, and affects fruit coloring and sugar transformation; excessive direct light and long exposure time can easily cause trunk and fruit burns. Therefore, we must choose a good garden and do a good job of pruning, to improve the ventilation and light and leaf curtain layer reasonable, in order to avoid the above drawbacks.
Four, topography:
Flatland, mountains, beaches, and rivers can all be planted, but with sunny, open, leeward, and gentle slopes with good surrounding vegetation, light is good, irrigation and drainage is convenient, and planting is the best; depressions and depressions, although the soil is deep, However, the light is poor, the rainy season is easy to accumulate water, the air humidity is too large; on steep slopes, the soil is shallow, the soil is thin, and the soil erosion is heavy, which is not conducive to the growth of fruit trees.
V. Soil:
The requirements for the soil are not strict, clay, sand, loam can be, but the soil with deep, loose soil and fertile sandy loam is best. The soil with heavy, shallow, and gravelly soil must be improved before it can be planted. The range of pH is 5.3-8.2, and the best is 5.4-6.8. Less than 5.4, over-acid, prone to lack of boron, calcium deficiency caused by fruit disease and bitter pit disease; higher than 7.8, partial alkali, prone to iron deficiency, causing leaf chlorosis.
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