The key technologies for increasing wheat protein content are the following:
Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at flowering stage: After 10 days from the ear of wheat, nitrogen fertilizer was applied to strong fruit, which was at the flowering stage. Experiments show that with the increase of strong fruit nitrogen fertilizer, the protein content of wheat is also steadily higher, and the fruit is full (different among different varieties). 1kg strong fruit nitrogen fertilizer can increase the protein content 0.5%, that is, 1.5 acres nitrogen fertilizer 2kg can increase the protein content 1%. Strong fruit fertilizer can only use nitrogen fertilizer. Phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are generally used as base fertilizer.
According to the growing trend of fertilizer application, there is a close relationship between yield and protein content. Yield increased, protein content has a downward trend. Therefore, it is necessary to increase or decrease the amount of fertilizer according to the growth of the crop, that is, when the growth is good, increase the fertilization; when the growth is long, the fertilization is reduced. In some areas, the protein content of wheat is relatively moderate, so it is not necessary to chase the strong fruit fertilizer, otherwise it will reduce the quality of the flour. After the application of strong fruit fertilizers, there is a tendency to prolong the maturation period. Therefore, we must master the amount of fertilizer and timing of fertilization. Experiments show that when 1.5 kg fertilization 4kg, extend the maturity of about 1 day. It should be noted that the application of a large number of strong fruit fertilizers to common wheat flours has resulted in a significant decrease in gluten strength (due to prolonged maturation). Therefore, wheat varieties should be selected according to their use.
According to the soil conditions, the amount of fertilization should be mastered: in different soil conditions, the actual protein content of wheat varies, the lowest in red soil, high in black soil, medium in alluvial soil such as gray soil, and the dry field is generally higher than paddy field. Therefore, it is not necessary for black soil to follow strong fruit fertilizers. However, black soil is generally lack of phosphoric acid, and phosphate fertilizers can be added appropriately, which can increase the yield and reduce the excessively high protein content. The content of nitrogen fertilizer in red soil is low, and the yield and protein content are often affected by nitrogen deficiency in the growth process. The color of leaves should be closely observed and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner.
Warm winter and rainy years increase the amount of fertilizer: Generally, farmland needs topdressing, and in the warm winter and rainy years, applying topdressing is more effective. High-temperature farmland can be top-dressed from January to early February. Afterwards, the panicle fertilizer was topped when the leaf color was slightly lightened to ensure the number of grains. It should be noted that the timing and amount of topdressing should be comprehensively considered based on species, soil, weather, and growth conditions, otherwise it is prone to overgrowth and lodging, affecting the quality of wheat.
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