In harvested white bamboo shoots, those who are discolored, hollow, cracked, deformed, rusted and curved, and aged and bitter are all called inferior bamboo shoots. The production of poor quality bamboo shoots is often related to varieties, age of shoots, temperature, soil and improper management of water and fertilizers. To prevent the production of inferior quality bamboo shoots, it is necessary to understand the causes and take measures to prevent them.
First, color-changing shoots White asparagus requires tender stems to be completely white, but in the production, there are often some sharp changes in the phenomenon of bamboo shoots. The color change of the tender stem is mainly related to temperature and light. Some varieties of tender stems do not grow in the soil ridges, but will encounter high temperatures and drought will also change color. To prevent discoloration, in addition to selecting good varieties, it is also necessary to pay attention to burrowing and compacting ridges when cultivating ridges to avoid leakage of light in the soil. When harvesting bamboo shoots, avoid exposing the tip of the bamboo shoots to the ground. In case of drought or high temperatures, timely watering will be required to reduce the soil temperature and keep the soil moist.
Second, hollow bamboo shoots
1. Type: Hollow bamboo shoots are the hollow stems of asparagus tender stems. Hollow bamboo shoots are mostly produced on thicker stems and can be divided into three types: small hollow, medium hollow, and large hollow, depending on the size and shape of the hollow stem.
2. The reasons for the formation of asparagus hollow stems: (1) Low temperature: Low temperature is the main reason for hollow asparagus. In the early stage of harvesting, the ground temperature is low, but during the day, the surface temperature is higher than the underground temperature, which causes the roots to absorb nutrients and moisture slowly, while the tender stem cells in the surface part have faster division, and the nutrients and water do not meet the needs of their development. Make the asparagus hollow. (2) Fertilization: During the harvesting of bamboo shoots, the use of too much nitrogen fertilizer will cause the tissue of asparagus stem cells to expand too early and too fast, and the central tissue will not keep up with the growth of the surrounding tissue and cause hollow. (3) Shooting age: The higher the age of bamboo, the higher the hollow rate. (4) Soil water content: When the temperature is high, if the soil moisture is too small, the number of hollow stems will increase significantly. (5) Variety differences: UC157, UC72 and other second-generation seed hollows have higher rates, while Apollo and Champions and other hybrids have lower hollow ratios.
It can be seen that temperature and humidity are the main causes of hollow bamboo shoots. In order to reduce the hollowness of tender stems, we must first select good varieties with high yield, good quality and not easy to hollow. Early harvest shoots can be harvested using a cover film heating method. In addition, we should try to keep the soil moisture and apply organic fertilizer. Don't try to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer during shoots.
Third, cracking shoots of bamboo shoots are called cracking bamboo shoots due to the longitudinal cracking of shoots due to the uneven supply of soil moisture during the growth of the shoots, or due to sudden rainfall or watering during the harvest period. In addition, the lack of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or topdressing nitrogen fertilizer in the soil is also prone to cracking. The prevention method is to adopt less nitrogenous fertilizers during the harvesting period and pay attention to the rational use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. The watering should be appropriate so as not to make the soil dry or too wet, and to maintain the normal supply of soil water to the growth of tender stems.
4. The main reason for the bending of tender stems caused by bent bamboo shoots is that asparagus tender stems are squeezed or scratched by hard clay blocks or stones during their growth, and they cannot be bent perpendicularly to one side. If the bamboo shoots are not cultivated with the same degree of tightness, or if the soil is not sealed after harvesting the bamboo shoots, the bamboo ridges will be hard and firm and inconsistent. This will cause the tender stems to harden and grow to the loose side. Due to insect bites or mechanical damage, tender stems may cause nutrient transport to be hindered, as well as bending tender stems. In order to prevent the occurrence of bent bamboo shoots, the ridges should be culled from the stones, the hard soil blocks should be crushed, and the ridges should be carefully cultivated. After the bamboo shoots are collected, the backfill soil should be in line with the surrounding soil to prevent and control the underground pests in time. Avoid damage to surrounding tender stems, etc.
5. The white stem on the white surface of rust-blasted shoots has a layer of orange rust, which is caused by Fusarium infection. According to the survey, when bamboo shoots are harvested, it is too high, and shoot rot is also easy to produce rust. Ways to prevent stalks of stalks and stems In addition to clearing the garden to remove scumming without leaving stubble, do not use unripe organic fertilizer before harvest. When harvesting bamboo shoots, it is appropriate to keep 2-3 cm in height. In addition, controlling watering and reducing soil moisture during the shoot-up period are all conducive to preventing shoot rust spots.
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