1, species selection. Should choose high-quality, disease-resistant, early-maturing, high-yield, plant type compact, suitable for dense planting varieties, such as sweet peppers: Shuangfeng (crossbreed generation), sweet hybrid 1, 2 (crossbreed generation), etc.; Longhorn peppers: Xiangjiao No.1 (a hybrid generation), Zaza No.2 (a hybrid generation) and so on. 2, nursery. In the early September-December period, seedlings can be planted at this stage without heating facilities, mainly through the management of opaque coverings to increase the temperature, which reduces costs. Prior to nursery, soil and fertilizer ratios of 6:4 were blended into the decomposed organic fertilizer to prepare seedbed soil (strong water retention and good air permeability). Before sowing, plant seeds and dry seeds, then soak the germinating seeds in warm water of 55°C and stir until the water temperature drops to 30°C. Then stop soaking for 7-8 hours and remove at 25-30°C. Under the germination, the seeds can be sown after 60 to 70% of buds after 4-5 days (selected in the morning on sunny days). Before sowing bed soil moisture content should not be too large, after sowing cover 0.5-1 cm of fine soil, and then cover the film on the bed (starting at the time of emergence), in order to facilitate the protection. Seedlings grow 3-4 true leaves when seedlings. Sub-seedling soil and fertilizer ratio of 6:4 ready for seedbed soil (if you use sub-seedlings, but also in advance soil loading), the seedling density of 10 cm 10 cm. 3, seedbed management: seedling bed temperature management is the key to nurturing strong seedlings. During the emergence of a high temperature, the temperature of about 30 °C, the night temperature of 18-20 °C. When the seedlings are flushed and the cotyledons are flattened, the temperature should be appropriately lowered to prevent the emergence of tall feet. 3-4 days before seedlings, cool down the seedlings in order to ease the seedlings. In terms of management methods, it is mainly the early release of the opaque cover; the adjustment of ventilation and ventilation time; the early seedlings maintain a reasonable density; 1-2 times fine dry soil is spread to the bed surface, so as to prevent the cracking of the surface and reduce the moisture content. evaporation. One day before seedling, spray water on the seedbed to facilitate seedling growth. Optional sunny morning sub seedlings. Immediately after sub-seedling, it was covered with plastic film and sealed. After 1 week, it was noted that ventilation was required to reduce the temperature and to prevent shoots from growing. Seedlings generally do not top-dressing, can be observed outside the roots of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times. 4. Colonization: The pepper is not too cold tolerant to cold, and the first flower is budding and selected for sunny morning colonization. 10-15 days before colonization, gradual low temperature hardening seedlings. Before planting, Daejeon combines land preparation with a high-quality farmyard manure of 750-10000 kg and 30 kg of superphosphate. In order to reduce the occurrence of diseases, adult seedlings can be combined with extra-root fertilizers and sprayed with pesticides. Select large and thick stems and strong seedlings to colonize and firmly eliminate sick and weak seedlings. Wide and narrow row colonization is generally used for ease of management. They are 60-66 centimeters wide, 33-35 centimeters narrow, 30-33 centimeters deep, and about 5000 densities per mu. Put enough water after planting and immediately buckle plastic film after covering the soil. 5, greenhouse management. 5 to 6 days after planting, the greenhouse was sealed to facilitate seedling growth. The daily temperature in the shed was 30-35°C and the night temperature was 13°C or more. Appropriate ventilation and cooling after easing the seedlings, the shed is 28-30°C during the day, and the ventilation is higher than 30°C. When the temperature drops to 26°C, the ventilation is stopped. When the nighttime shed falls below 15°C, cover straw insulation. In order to increase the ground temperature, water should be reduced in the early stage. After the temperature rises, it should be ventilated overnight when the temperature outside the shed is higher than 15°C. After the temperature rises again, it is necessary to gradually remove the mulch film and shed film and enter the open ground management. From the harvest of the Menchurian Pepper, increase the top dressing and watering (selected at noon for warm weather). Apply 14-16 kg of ammonium sulfate, 8-22 kg of superphosphate and 80 kg of plant ash. During the fruit period, top dressing watered 2-3 times. The following collaterals should be erased in time, and the old leaves and diseased leaves in the lower part of the plant should be removed. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, you can use 2,4-D flower stalks (with a brush as well) at a concentration of 10-20 mg/kg before 10 a.m. Repeat to prevent malformation. 6. Pest control. Insect pests mainly include locusts, tea saponins, etc., can be used 20 ml of dimethoate plus enemy killed or high-performance cypermethrin 20 ml, spraying 30 kilograms of water; the disease seedling stage mainly has early blight, damping-off, root rot, etc. There are mainly downy mildew, late blight, and bacterial wilt during the planting period, and 50% of carbendazim WP can be applied to 60 kg of water per mu, spraying once every 7-10 days, even preventing 2-3 times. . 7, harvest. Pepper (1st layer fruit) and pepper (2nd layer fruit) should be harvested at an earlier date in order to achieve better results; otherwise, the flowering quality will decrease and the seed setting rate will decline.
The garden pansy is a type of large-flowered hybrid plant cultivated as a garden flower. It is derived by hybridization from several species in the section Melanium ("the pansies") of the genusViola, particularly Viola tricolor, a wildflower of Europe and western Asia known as heartsease. Some of these hybrids are referred to as Viola wittrockiana Gams ex Nauenb. & Buttler. For simplicity, the older name Viola tricolor var. hortensis is often used.
The garden pansy flower is 5 to 8 centimetres (2 to 3 in) in diameter and has two slightly overlapping upper petals, two side petals, and a single bottom petal with a slight beard emanating from the flower's center. These petals are usually white or yellow, purplish, or blue. The plant may grow to 23 cm (9 in) in height, and prefers sun to varying degrees and well-draining soils.
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