Can wheat growth "listen" to human command? This is not a myth. To prevent lodging, let the stem at the bottom of the wheat become solid to increase the bearing capacity; to reduce the pressure on the upper part, so that the wheat ears do not grow long straw, but also avoid condensing more dew to increase the weight; so that the wheat leaves upright, Photosynthesis is fully carried out until the leaves turn to droop after heading, ensuring high light transmittance between rows. This is May 28, leaders from Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong and other places, agricultural experts, director of the Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, and seed management station owners witnessed the farmland in the city of Hebei Province. The magic of this manufacturing is the researchers of the State Key Laboratory of Plant Cells and Chromosome Engineering of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Under the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National 973 Program, the 863 Program, and the Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researchers led by Academician Li Zhensheng have spent more than 10 years working on the basis of screening nearly 2,000 germplasm resources. Sexual hybridization, system selection and system identification of important characteristics have resulted in the development of a new line of “Xiaojing 81†wheat. After introducing trials in Aolu and Shanyu, good results were obtained. In Hebei Province's regional trial in 2004, the “Xiaojing 81†strain increased its production in an all-round way, with an average mu yield of 1130 kg and a maximum yield of 1,235 kg, ranking first among the 10 tested varieties. Compared with the traditional wheat breeding technology line, Li Zhensheng's Innovation Research Group has opened up a new set of ideas: It broke the notion that only leaves stand upright to enhance photosynthesis, proving that leaf drooping after wheat heading will be more conducive to enhancing crop photosynthesis. More than 30 years ago, when wheat matured, it was “one grain and two grassesâ€, that is, grains accounted for only one third of the total weight of each plant, and the rest were wheat straw. Now that wheat is ripe, it can basically reach “a grain of wheat and a grass†and grain accounts for 40%-45%. The grain of “Xiaojing 81†has reached 60% after maturity, and it is expected to achieve “two wheat and one grassâ€. In the past 30 years, grain growth in China has mainly depended on excessive input of fertilizer. However, phosphate fertilizers are easily fixed by soil, and it is difficult to effectively absorb wheat after fixation. The characteristics of “Xiaogao81†is to increase production without increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently. The "Xiaojing 81" new line is a research group led by Academician Li Zhensheng, a national key laboratory for genetically engineered plant cells and chromosome engineering. After more than ten years of effective utilization of soil nutrient elements in wheat, photosynthetic efficiency, high-yield plant type structure research and Based on the identification and screening of a large number of germplasm resources, a high-quality, high-yield, and stable-yield wheat line was developed using a combination of system selection and important trait identification in 1996 using the “Xiaoqi 54†and “8602†hybrids. The characteristics of this strain are that the group structure is relatively reasonable and the high yield traits are good. The percentage of spikes for tillers is high, and the number of ears per mu is between 400,000 and 450,000, the number of grains per spike is between 30 and 35, the grain weight is around 38 grams, and the grain weight per panicle is relatively harmonized. The straw has good toughness and lodging resistance; late maturity is better. Large-area planting has the potential of producing more than 550 kg per mu; the second is a wide range of adaptation. The trials and demonstrations in Fujian, Taiwan, and other regions all showed good high yield performance. The third was that the grain quality was better, it was a hard wheat, and the cutin rate was more than 80%. The flour yield was high and the flour whiteness was good. When Vice President Li Jiayang and relevant wheat experts went to Shandong to inspect the demonstration and demonstration of the "Xiaojing 81" new wheat line, the participating experts agreed that the strain has good agronomic traits and high yield potential, and has a good prospect for promotion. Experts suggested that the process of the “Xiaokai 81′′ trial should be accelerated under the support of the Shandong Provincial Department of Science and Technology and Agriculture, and the Huantai County should be built as a core experimental area for the “High-yield Food Science and Technology Projectâ€. "Demonstration of planting intensity.
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