The strong gluten wheat cultivation technology requirements on the basis of ensuring the quality characteristics of strong gluten wheat, increase production and efficiency, achieve the purpose of high quality, high yield and high efficiency. The quality requirement of strong gluten wheat cultivation technology is to ensure that the wheat grain produced has high protein content, high wet gluten content, long dough stability time, high bulk density, and high powder yield. Each cultivation measure should be formulated around the requirements to achieve the above quality indicators and high yields and high efficiency. On the basis of inheriting the traditional wheat high-yield experience, to achieve high yield and high efficiency of strong gluten wheat, we must focus on the following key technologies. I. Regionalized large-scale planting Regionalized large-scale planting is the basis for achieving high-quality and high-yield strong gluten wheat. According to the “Opinions on Wheat Quality Zoning in Henan Province,†the province's areas suitable for planting strong gluten wheat are: Northern Henan and Western Henan strong gluten Wheat suitable area; northeastern Henan, middle-east strong gluten wheat sub-suitable area; Henan, Henan southeast strong gluten wheat sub-suitable area. All localities must select the most suitable species according to the regional layout, and each township should normally plant 2-3 varieties. According to the requirements of “one village, one species, one plant, one product, one seedâ€, the village group shall be the unit for all species and uniform Machine broadcast, to achieve centralized planting. Second, the selection of quality and high yield of strong gluten wheat varieties of wheat quality characteristics and yield characteristics are determined by its genetic basis, cultivation measures have an important impact on it. To produce high-quality strong gluten wheat, first select high-yield, strong gluten wheat varieties. According to the current situation of market demand and comprehensive performance of varieties in recent years, the suitable semi-winter varieties planted in our province are Xinmai 9408, Hebei 8901, Gaoyou 503, Zhengmai 9405, etc. The weak spring varieties include Zhengmai 9023 and Yumai 34. , Zheng Nong 16 and so on. All localities must choose appropriate varieties in combination with local ecological conditions and production conditions so as to avoid any loss of production or deterioration of quality. Use high-quality seeds that have been purified and rejuvenated. Before seeding, seed dressing with high-efficiency and low-toxicity wheat special seed coating agent will help prevent and control underground pests and root rot and sheath blight prone to occur in the seedling stage and cultivate strong seedlings. Third, fertility, rational fertilization and strong gluten wheat should be planted in a field with high soil fertility and good soil and water conditions. Soil fertility reached 0-20 cm soil organic matter above 1.2%, total nitrogen above 0.08%, hydrolyzable nitrogen above 70 mg/kg, available phosphorus above 15 mg/kg, available potassium over 90 mg/kg, and available sulfur at 16 mg/kg. The total amount of fertilizer applied is generally 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 14 kg of pure nitrogen, 7 kg of pure phosphorus, 7 kg of pure potassium, and 1 kg of zinc sulfate. In general fertile wheat fields, all organic fertilizers and 50% of chemical fertilizers are nitrogen fertilizers. All of the phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, and zinc fertilizers are applied as base fertilizers, and the second year of spring wheat is applied with 50% nitrogen fertilizer at the jointing stage. In wheat fields with high soil fertility, all organic fertilizers, 1/3 of chemical nitrogen fertilizers, and 1/2 of potassium fertilizers, all phosphorus fertilizers and zinc fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, and 2/3 nitrogen fertilizers are applied at the jointing stage of wheat in the second spring of the year. / 2 potash. Fourth, deep plowing, improve the quality of soil preparation, so that adequate planting can be done enough to break the plow bottom layer without loosing the land; cultivating thoroughly, cultivating and supporting, no dark wormwood, no overhead dark hopper, and reaching the upper Panasonic; After re-flattening, make fine squats after squeaking to ensure uniform watering and no flushing or silting. Insufficient soil moisture before sowing should be planted. Fifth, the appropriate time sowing, improve the quality of sowing planting specifications, generally should be appropriate to expand the width, to 2.5-3.0 meters is appropriate, the width is not more than 40 cm, in order to make full use of land and light energy. Rows can be planted in equal rows or sizes, with an average spacing of 23-25 ​​cm. Strictly control the sowing date, the suitable sowing date for half-winter varieties is from October 5th to 15th, and the sowing volume is 5-7 kg; the suitable sowing date for weak spring varieties is sowed after October 15 and the sowing rate is 6- 8 kg is appropriate. It is necessary to use wheat seed sowing machines to strictly control the sowing speed and sowing depth. It requires precise sowing, consistent spacing, uniform seeding, consistent depth, no loosing sowing, no sowing, and neat sowing. 6. Reasonably promote and control pre-winter management to promote mainly winter irrigation in early December to stabilize the ground temperature, promote root development and prevent spring drought; turn green water and fertilizer control to control spring breeding, accelerate polarization, control the base one , Between the two growth is too long, defense late lodging, at the same time to cultivator and the prevention of sheath blight, to reach 800,000 or more acres of prosperous plots to take deep root or chemical control; jointing stage for fertilizer promotion, chase Applying nitrogenous fertilizers to promote the growth of big nymphs, laying a good shelf for high yields, increasing the percentage of tillers and spikes, consolidating the nitrogen nutrients at later stages, and improving the quality of grains; the later stage is mainly controlled, and moderate soil “drought†has obvious positive effects on the quality of strong gluten wheat. The effect is not only the inherent quality of the grain is good, but also the apparent quality of the grain keratin, the black embryo rate, the bulk density and other appearance quality has improved significantly, and the acquisition grade is improved. However, in the middle and late May of May, the strong gluten wheat fields of our province are often over-arid and accompanied by high-temperature weather. Therefore, pouring slurry water is necessary for high yield of strong gluten wheat. Generally, the slurry is poured and leaves are sprayed 10-15 days after flowering. Fertilizer, mu urea 1 kg plus 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray 50 kg of water. VII. Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Diseases, Insects, and Weeds Re-emergence and mixing of plots of midge pests and underground pests. Use 10% ground-to-medium powder granules 1.5 to 2 kilograms of fine soil and 20 kilograms of toxic soil per acre. For severe weedy plots, chemical weeding should be carried out during the wheat tillering and start-up periods. In the beginning of the wheat crop, control of Rhizoctonia cerealis was generally conducted. In the mu, 50 ml of 20% triadimefon EC and 50 g of 12.5% ​​wolfberry powder were sprayed on 50 kg of water. For the prosperous plots, Zhuangfengan is used in conjunction with spraying pesticides for chemical control to prevent lodging. Powdery mildew, rust, head blight, aphids, etc. are common pests and diseases in the middle and later stages of wheat, and they should be carefully observed to strengthen forecasting and timely control. Harvesting and drying of strong gluten wheat during the appropriate period have an important impact on quality. Earlier and later harvest periods will lead to a decline in the yield and quality of strong gluten wheat, especially when the rain meets the harvest, which will result in a significant decrease in the keratinocyte rate. . The best harvest period for strong gluten wheat is the late wax ripening period. Before the harvest, it is necessary to carry out field decontamination and improve the purity of commercial grains. The implementation of unified machine revenue, according to the type of single income, to prevent mechanical mixing. After the harvest, the varieties should be dried in time. When drying, they should be diluted and turned over so that the grain color is uniform. Then the impurities are removed and the varieties are safely stored.
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