The film-mulching rice production technology is another new technology with strong practicality and strong prospects after the promotion of large-area production technology of secondary-ground film wheat in China. Its advantages are warming, water-saving, grass-killing, early maturing and high-yield, and can reduce field labor intensity. The trial began in 1997 and immediately received the attention of farmers. It has been quickly promoted in the chilly and frost-free period in the “Qiufeng†rice area. The main cultivation techniques are as follows. First, the output index 9 ~ 10.5 tons / ha. Second, the selection of varieties to choose strong resistance, dwarf thick, large spikes, high yield potential varieties of high-yielding varieties of japonica rice. Third, the seedlings can be used for mulching cultivation, dry seedlings, wet seedlings, and cultivating various types of oysters. Seedlings up to 3 leaves and 1 heart can be transplanted. 4. When plowing, paddy fields used for soil preparation, fertilization, and film-cover ploughing must be cleaned of the roots, grass sticks, and other debris of the former crop, and the farmland fertilizer should be applied to the ground by combining the cultivated land with 95 tons of fertilizer per hectare. , Fertilizers generally applied ammonium bicarbonate, superphosphate 750 kg each, or on the basis of soil testing in the implementation of balanced fertilization more scientific. Daejeon is a key technical link in the making of mattresses in Daejeon (formally known as high-bed and low-run). The width of the bed is 140-150 cm, which is the same as that of the plastic film. That is, the arm can stick out and the seedling can be inserted into the center. There is no limitation on length, which can be determined according to the length of the plot. The direction between the lines is suitable for ventilation. A ditch with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20-25 cm is left around each bed. Trimming should be completed before shaping, after the release of water and then re-wet the entire surface of the bed. Daguang Ping as a mirror, no roots, no straw, no uneven, so that when the membrane can be achieved with the membrane closely attached to the bed surface, within the air bubble tympanic membrane, in order to achieve grass warming effect. After the film has been set in the field, it can be covered with a number of mattresses. First, align the membrane head with the edge of the bed ditch, press the membrane head into the ditch with mud, and then place the roller of the membrane on the bed with a thin round wooden rod in the middle, on the two sides of the bed respectively. Go forward in the ditch, use consistent force and flatten the film. On both sides, close to the bed, cut off to the ground, and press the membrane edge into the ditch. Then, and so on, cover the next bed of plastic film. Five, transplanting method must be used to pull the line planting, two or several persons were placed in both sides of the ditch, face to face line by line along the line of transplanting. When inserting, use the right middle finger or index finger to poke the hole in a certain position. Place the membrane with fingertips on the inside of the membrane and then insert the seedlings. Carefully insert the membrane to align with the surface of the membrane and prevent the membrane surface from retracting. The planting density can be determined according to the cultivar tiller height and the yield to be achieved should constitute a reasonable population per unit area panicle dynamic population index to determine the plant spacing and the number of plants per hole. The north japonica rice has 6 to 7 rows per bed, spaced 20 to 25 centimeters apart, 10 to 12 centimeters apart, 6 to 8 per hole, about 300,000 holes per hectare, 5.25 to 6 million crests, and average number of grains per ear 80 to 100 capsules, yield 10.5 to 12 tons/ha (1000-grain weight 26 to 27 grams). Determine the transplanting period according to the growth period of rice varieties and the length of the local frost-free period to determine the flowering period of rice and the local high temperature period of 25 ~ 30 °C phase match, and then calculate forward. Insufficient early period, the temperature can not reach, during the period of childbirth, the temperature of the film insulation is used to artificially lengthen the growth period, so that the transplanting period can be transplanted for 3 days after the local critical period of late frost, so that the artificial adjustment and plastic film coverage In the earlier period, the problem of “small seedlings not growing, and no stiff seedlings growing†can be solved. In the latter stage, the problem of “fear of autumn seals†can be solved, and the characteristics of “good light†of rice can be satisfied, and the yield can be greatly increased and it can be mature. Six, Daejeon management pouring irrigation till the return to the green period, the bed ditch in the continuous water, the bed always maintain 2 cm deep water layer can not be too deep, too deep, easy to float film floating, shallow or bed surface dry and easy to get sick . Sunny water full of ditch, cloudy half ditch water, drying field is not a good good water management experience. Returning to green fertilizer, 120-150 kg of urea was recovered per hectare, and only the replenishing water in the mattress was undrained and the depth of the bed was 2 cm. At the end of the tillering period, when the number of stems per unit area reaches the population index that should be constituted by the high yield, the drainage field will be about 5 days. Dark green rice should be re-sun, yellow and green light sun, yellow sun, to be flexible. During the heading stage and grain filling stage, 2.3 kg of potassium dihydrogen carbonate per hectare was sprayed on the water, and the second was that the fields could not be deprived of water and the bed surface reserved water at a depth of 3 to 4 cm. Pest control precautions against rice blast, rice borer and other hazards. VII. Matters needing attention Mattress treatment is as critical as the mirror, so that the membrane is closely attached to the bed surface, in order to truly achieve the effect of grass warming. Take precautions against lodging. Due to the obvious temperature increase of mulching rice, the depth of the film is 3 to 4 centimeters deep, which is 3.5~5°C higher than that of the conventional rice field, so the birth process is significantly accelerated, but the potential danger is that it is prone to lodging. Three measures can be taken to deal with it: Dwarf lodging resistant high-yielding varieties; Second, when the seedlings in the 1 leaf 1 heart stage when the seedlings with paclobutrazol for drug control treatment; the third is in mature grouting when the wind blow down, especially by the ditch line Easy to fall first, should be nailed in the corner of a wooden stake with straw rope maintenance down. If the individual bed ditch is too wide, the remedy is to use a high foot seedling to bed and then insert a row to avoid wasting land. Plastic film rice returns to fast growth, jointing, earing, flowering and other growth periods have different increase or shorten, the entire fertility process due to the increase in temperature and increased seedling mulching film on the bed and accelerate the acceleration, the need to systematically study the appropriate species Supporting, balanced fertilization, chemical control, water-saving water and other relatively well-developed cultivation techniques, and further in-depth experimental research.
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