The warm winter weather in Guinan region of Guangxi has no obvious frost. It is a good place for the winter transportation of winter vegetables and southern vegetables. Therefore, after the late rice is harvested, the winter vegetables will be introduced and will be put on the market after the Spring Festival. The economic benefits will be higher. The solution lies in a new chapter of autumn and winter, which has become another way for local farmers to become rich and make a good living. Among many planting vegetables, solanaceous (tomato, pepper, eggplant) vegetables are favored by local farmers because of their unique planting advantages. According to statistics, the annual planting area is about 80,000 mu, and the planting area is expected to increase year by year. However, during the years of cultivation in Hepu County, the virus disease known as "plant cancer" caused the "three falls" (fallen leaves, fallen flowers, and fruit drop) to bring great economic losses to the vegetable growers. As a result, the whole plant leaves are weighed down and the plant is dead. As a result, many vegetable farmers and relevant departments attach great importance to it. Based on the experience gained from the plant protection work over the past few years, the author discusses his views on the occurrence and prevention of viruses and provides reference for farmers. 1. Symptoms of the disease include mosaic necrosis and leaf malformation. (1) Mosaic necrotic diseased leaves showed obvious pale green and light green mosaic symptoms, some brown necrotic spots, necrotic streak from the main veins of the leaves, deciduous, falling, and fruiting. The whole plant died. (2) Malformation of the veins in the early stages of malformation, with mottled mosaics, thickened leaves, narrowing, linear, internode shortening, malformation, twigs, dwarfism in later stages, dark green and light green mottle on fruit, Malformed fruit, easy to fall off. 2. The pathogenesis of the virus transmission varies according to the type of the virus, but is mainly divided into two major categories: insect transmission and contact infection. (1) Mosaic necrosis This disease is caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and is mainly transmitted through sap-contact and invades from micro-cuts on the plant. Its onset conditions are high temperature and drought, continuous cropping for many years, plant tenderness, poor soil, and extensive management will aggravate its incidence. (2) Malformation This disease is caused by the spread of cucumber leaf mosaic disease (CMV) caused by sucking insects such as aphids and thrips. It is severe at high temperatures and droughts when a large number of aphids and thrips occur. 3. Prevention and control measures At present, there is no specific drug to control the disease, and only centralized control measures such as aphid and thrips can be controlled through cultivation techniques to prevent or effectively reduce the virus and achieve high yields. (1) Selection of resistant varieties of tomato varieties: Zhongza No. 7, Shuangkang No. 5, Zhongza No. 9, etc.; Pepper varieties: Jinjiao No. 3, Tianza No. 1, Tianza No. 2, and Big Kakio pepper; Eggplant varieties include: Qingxuan No. 4, Fengyan No. 1, Liaoqie No. 3, etc. (2) Carry out crop rotations to reduce diseases. Solanaceae can not be used in continuous cropping. Intercropping with high-stalked crops such as sorghum and maize, preferably with paddy rice and other crop rotations, has good disease-preventing effect, and requires cultivation to be done. To nurture strong seedlings, choose disease-free seedlings to transplant, combined with formula fertilization techniques, apply enough basic fertilizer, and diligently water. Make plants grow robustly and increase their ability to prevent diseases. (3) Application of pesticides Controlling aphids and thrips is a medium for the transmission of solanaceous plant viruses. Therefore, early prevention and control of aphids and thrips should be carried out in order to reduce the number of diseases and achieve the effect of “both disease and disease controlâ€. Can use 20% Confodic EC 4000 times solution + 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times solution + amino acid leaf fertilizer mixture, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2500 solution + 2% Ningnanmycin solution 300 Times of liquid, or 1.5% of disease and disease II 800 times mixed with foliar fertilizer Fenwei 1000 times the liquid, spraying the entire plant at the beginning of the disease, continuous application of 3 to 4 times, every 7 to 10 days. (Author: Laiting Feng Li Bin Unit: Guangxi Hepu County Agricultural Bureau)
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