Wheat midge and its control technology

Hazardous features: Wheat midge is a devastating pest. In recent years, due to the combined influence of various factors, the area of ​​the insects in our province has continuously expanded and the damages have been increasing year by year. This poses a great threat to the safe production of wheat and should arouse the attention of the majority of farmers. Wheat midge sucks wheat juice with larvae, causing pods to decrease production, generally losing 10-20%, severely reducing production by 40-80%, and even ending up. Because of its small body and hidden dangers, the worms were not easy to find in the early stage and often missed the period of prevention and treatment when they were discovered. Therefore, farmers are reminded to work under the guidance of the local plant protection department, seize the key opportunity, conduct scientific prevention and control, and effectively control the hazards in a timely manner. Morphological characteristics: In our province, wheat midge insects are divided into two species: red midge and yellow midge. The wheat midge is mainly distributed in areas along the river plain. Adult body length of 2 - 2.5 mm, wings about 5 mm, orange-red, larvae body length of about 2-3 mm, cocoon-like, orange-yellow; wheat midge is mainly distributed in hilly mountains. Adults are ginger and their body shape resembles that of red midge. Occurrence pattern: wheat midge occurs in the province in the first year of generation. The mature larvae (third-instar larvae) are called larvae (called dormant bodies) and they are wintering in the soil. The next year when the booting of wheat starts, the knot grows and phlegm. The flood season is 8 to 10 days. Until heading and flowering (generally in mid-April to late-May), the adults are eclosioned, copulated and spawned between the cultivars. Each female can lay about 50 eggs during its lifetime. The hatched larvae climbed onto the tender wheat grains and sucked on the grouted grits. The larvae infested the grains for about 20 days, and then fell into the soil to pass through the summer and winter. Until the next year when wheat turned green, it went up to the tops of the earth to prepare for phlegm, so it began again and again. Spring rain is more conducive to the occurrence of the worm, wheat husk relaxation, thin seed coat, seed filling is slow, heading is not tidy, heading period and the maturity of the adult varieties of heavy damage. Control methods: According to the law of the occurrence of wheat midge pests, prevention and control should adhere to the "mainly sowing soil and flood season soil treatment, supplementation treatment at the heading period of the spike," strategy, strict "three levels", that is, sowing wheat, booting During the period (flood season) and the heading period (adult stage), efforts are made to minimize damage. The specific measures are as follows: 1. Before the sowing of wheat in the sowing period, 3% of lindane powder or 2.5% of mixed sanning (Methylisophos) granules of 2 to 3 kg per mu, combined with 10 kg of fine soil Ground, then plowing; can also be used 40% methyl isofluosal or 50% phoxim 200 ~ 300 ml, against the amount of water, evenly sprayed on 20 kilograms of fine soil or coal residue made of toxic soil, before plowing Sprinkle on the surface, immediately after spreading, it can effectively kill the dormant body of midge in the soil and simultaneously treat the underground pests. 2. Prevention and control of the booting stage (flood season) Every plot (10 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm) on average before the heading stage of the wheat should be treated with pesticides on the average of more than 1 crop, and the number of plots should be increased. Specific methods: In the booting stage of wheat (middle-midge insects, usually in mid-to-late April), the poisonous soil shall be applied along with the wheat stub, and fallen as far as possible into the surface. After the application, if there is no rain, it should be properly watered. To kill the insects of the midge and imminent emergence. The agent used is the same as that used for sowing the soil. 3. The prevention and control of the adult stage at the spike period (adult) is the last line of defense to ensure the harvest of wheat and the control of wheat midge. Usually after the end of April and early May, the adult will enter the peak of emergence. It will spray once every 3-5 days and spray it 2-3 times in succession. The application time can be around 6 pm; Efficient and low-toxic pesticides such as phoxim and others. Can also be used per acre with 80% dichlorvos EC 100 ~ 150 ml of water spray or add appropriate amount of 20-30 kg of fine soil or wheat bran 10 kg, evenly into the wheat fields. This method can kill adult larvae and ear larvae that fly between wheat ridges, and also treats earworms and other pests. Adult stage prevention and treatment should highlight an "early" word on the basis of strict monitoring of the pest situation. In the prevention and control of wheat midge insecticides, scientific medicine must be used and safety should be used to prevent poisoning accidents. Because of the special nature of the pest, local governments or administrative villages should be used as units to implement unified defense rules to improve the overall control effect.

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