Fertilization principle
There are large differences in the application rates of organic fertilizers in different fields in the production of sweet potato, the phenomenon of blind application of nitrogen fertilizer is serious, the application of potassium fertilizer is insufficient, the phenomenon of “heavy mass elements, light and medium elements†is common, the application period and mode are unreasonable, and excessive irrigation To cause problems such as water and fertilizer waste, the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) Rational application of organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer application, the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should follow the principles of nitrogen control, phosphorus stabilization and potassium increase;
(2) The distribution of fertilizers is based on base and chasing; the topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen and potassium;
(3) Pay attention to proper application of trace elements such as calcium and boron during the rosette period to the end of the ball to prevent the occurrence of physiological diseases such as “dry heartburnâ€;
(4) When the vegetable acidification is serious, a proper amount of soil conditioner such as lime should be applied;
(5) Combine with high-yield cultivation techniques, especially water-saving irrigation technology, to give full play to the coupling effect of water and fertilizer and improve fertilizer utilization.
2. Fertilization advice
(1) Applying high-quality farmyard manure 4 square meters/mu at a time;
(2) The output level is above 6500 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 12~14 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 5~8 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 14~16 kg/mu;
(3) The production level is 5500~6500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 10~12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 4~5 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K2O) 12~14 kg/mu;
(4) The production level is 4500~5500 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 8~10 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3~4 kg/mu, and potassium fertilizer (K2O) 10~12 kg/mu.
For the plots where the "dry heartburn" occurred in previous years, pay attention to the control of nitrogen and calcium. It can be sprayed with 0.3%~0.5% CaCl2 solution or calcium nitrate solution 2~3 times from the rosette stage to the late stage of the ball formation; When the soil pH of the vegetable garden is less than 5, 100-150 kg of quicklime is applied per acre; when the soil pH is <4.5, the quicklime (appropriately applied before the preparation of the ground) is required to be 150-200 kg per acre.
For the boron-deficient plots, 0.5~1 kg/mu of borax may be applied, or 0.2%~0.3% of borax solution may be sprayed 2~3 times. At the same time, it can be sprayed with spraying 2~3 times of 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to increase the vegetable yield and commodity rate of cabbage. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer 30%~40% base application, 60%~70% in the rosette stage and the initial stage of ball formation 2 times, pay attention to increase the application of potassium fertilizer at the beginning of the ball, the phosphate fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer or acupoint application.
This article URL: 2016/2017 autumn and winter cabbage science fertilization guidance opinion cabbage fertilization skills
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