Scophthalmus maxinus is a genus Polygonaceae, and it is naturally distributed on the northern coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The North Sea, the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea are all distributed. The turbot body is flat and approximately circular with its eyes on the left side of the body. The side of the adult fish is greenish-brown with a bit of melanin and a small amount of prickles. The side of the eyeless body is white, smooth and thornless. The dorsal and anal fins are long and almost connect the head and tail with no hard spines. Tailing is a cold, warm and water-based benthic fish. It usually swims less and floats on prey. Although it is a carnivorous fish, it has a mild temperament and rarely bites each other. It is easy to acclimate, and it is suitable for developing artificial breeding. The artificial breeding of turbot is very difficult. In the spring of 2001, before the Aquatic Bureau of Tanggu District of Tianjin imported the newly hatched larvae of turbot from the United Kingdom, the other party informed us that the survival rate should not exceed 7% to achieve complete metamorphosis to juvenile fish. In order to further improve the production of turbot seedlings, according to relevant data, achievements and some practices of the two nursery units in Tanggu District to introduce seedlings three times, the following technical points are proposed to facilitate reference in production. First, broodstock breeding and fertilized egg acquisition In China, in addition to imported broodstock, broodstock can only be obtained through artificial breeding. Under the condition of factory culture (full-closed, internal recycling water) and flowing aquaculture workshop or shed type water culture conditions, male turbot can achieve sexual maturity at the first instar, and female turbot can reach sexual maturity at the second instar and select broodstock. Should be preferred as a broodstock with a relatively fast growth rate, robust physique, non-adherent organisms and rickets, and no "whitening" phenomenon. The density of broodstock cultivating indoors is lower than the density of commercial fish, generally 2 to 3/m2, water temperature 12-17°C, and relatively stable. Fresh water is ensured, and the diet is rich in nutrients. By controlling light and other measures, it can promote the development of gonads and improve the quality of eggs. Large-scale broodstock can grow eggs naturally and obtain fertilized eggs through breeding. However, most of them still adopt artificial insemination. Second, fertilized egg hatching and larval rearing Fertilized eggs hatch Normally fertilized eggs are buoyant at salinity of 30 ‰ and relatively static conditions. Using this feature, dead eggs can be eliminated. It is best to use microfluidic methods for hatching and microinflating to keep the water fresh. To prevent heavy metal poisoning, add EDTA sodium salt. The incubation water temperature is preferably 12°C to 14°C, keeping the water temperature stable, and the hatching density is 1-20000 grains/m3. The fertilized eggs hatched after 116 hours of hatching. 2. Problems to be noted (1) In rotifers, halogenated juveniles and live adults in foods, monosodium and emulsified fish oils are used for nutritional enhancement. (2) In the larvae cultivation, we must strive for temperature stability, temperature difference between day and night, and temperature difference between water changes. (3) The cultivation density can be appropriately reduced if the conditions permit, and it is not necessary to pursue a unit area or a water body's emergence, and efforts are made to increase the survival rate. (4) From the period of "black seedlings" until juvenile period, the larvae consume a large amount of food. It is necessary to ensure the dissolved oxygen in the water to facilitate digestion and absorption. When using well water or blending water to nurse seedlings, oxygen can be charged at intervals. Otherwise, feeding should be reduced appropriately. Third, disease prevention and control 1. Ensure that the bait is fresh, strictly fortified, cleaned and disinfected to prevent bloating. 2. Maintain fresh water, strict water disinfection, and prevent parasitic or adhering biological diseases such as ciliates and microsporidia. 3. Strengthen nutrition, stabilize water temperature, control density, reduce or prevent "whitening."
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