T cell attack tumor "firepower" switch found
October 25, 2018 Source: Health News Network
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Recently, the research papers of the team of Professor Sun Erxian and Su Shicheng of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were published online in the journal Nature and Immunology. The study found that long non-coding RNA NKILA can induce tumor-specific T cells to induce apoptosis, so that they can not attack the tumor. The study also suggests that NKILA in T cells can be knocked out in vitro, thereby ensuring the "firepower" of T cells reinfused into the body and enhancing the effect of immunotherapy.
In 2013 and 2017, immunotherapy was rated as one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs by Nature, especially in the treatment of lymphoma and melanoma. However, for solid tumors such as breast cancer, the efficacy of immunotherapy is still weak, and many unknown mechanisms need further exploration.
The team of Professor Song Erwei and Professor Su Shicheng found in the study of breast cancer that tumors would induce tumor-specific T cells to “remember their feelingsâ€. The intrinsic mechanism is that when T cells are not activated, NKILA in T cells is under-expressed; when T cells are busy, NKILA begins to express in a large amount, thereby inhibiting NF-κB pathway and weakening T cell “firepowerâ€. ", reduce its ability to resist tumor cell attacks.
Based on this finding, the team modified T cells in vitro, silenced the expression of NKILA, and then returned T cells to a mouse model of breast cancer, and found that the NF-κB pathway remained active. As a result, the number of T cells in the tumor is significantly increased, the number of killed tumor cells is increased, and the tumor is significantly reduced.
Song Erwei said that currently relying on the platform of the immunotherapy center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, the team plans to carry out Phase I clinical research and conduct preliminary clinical pharmacology and human safety evaluation tests. Based on the results of previous studies, NPILA of T cells will be knocked out in vitro, and T cells will be transfected into tumor patients. Compared with tumor cell gene therapy, this method is to modify cells in vitro, which is more reliable and safer.
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