1. The Three-Hot Sealing Method involves wheat heating, cylinder heating, and material heating. It is best performed on sunny and hot days. After the cement field has thawed around 9 a.m., spread the wheat evenly on the drying area (about 1 cm thick), then cover it with materials like quilts, blankets, or old sacks to move it out for drying. Apply dichlorvos or phosphorus-based insecticides for disinfection. The wheat must be turned every hour using a mallet to ensure the temperature of the husk reaches 46–50°C and the moisture content drops below 12.5%. Around 3 p.m., gather the pile and let it remain hot and humid for about 30 minutes. Then cover it with sterilized materials and seal the cylinder tightly with plastic film and rope to prevent any air leakage. The internal temperature should exceed 40°C and remain at that level for 8–10 days, which effectively kills eggs, larvae, and adult insects, achieving a strong pest control effect.
2. The Hypoxic Storage Method relies on the natural respiration of wheat and pests during storage. This method takes advantage of the long ripening period and high grain temperature in the early stages. When sealed in a cylinder, the oxygen inside gradually decreases due to the respiration of the grains, pests, and microorganisms. Within 5–10 days, the oxygen concentration can drop to 2–5%, while carbon dioxide levels rise to 40–50%, suffocating the pests. However, it's crucial to maintain the wheat’s moisture content below 12.5% and keep the average grain temperature above 30°C for optimal results.
3. The Chemical Preservation Method involves using aluminum phosphide tablets under good sealing conditions. It can also be applied with low-oxygen environments and small doses, or combined with phosphorus fumigation to prevent pest and mold growth, ensuring better grain stability. For wheat that doesn’t respond well to natural oxygen deficiency, chemical preservation is the most effective option. The tablets should be wrapped in gauze and placed directly into the grain heap. This method is ideal for long-term storage, with a recommended dosage of 3–5 grams per ton, costing approximately 1 yuan. It provides reliable protection against pests and maintains grain quality over time.
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