Rice transplanters are key technologies in modern agriculture, characterized by fixed lines, fixed holes, and consistent seedling placement. Ji'an City Agricultural Machinery Bureau has promoted this technology in recent years, and it has gained widespread acceptance among farmers due to its advantages such as high quality, increased yield, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. However, improper use can lead to negative outcomes. This article will focus on the "PF455S rice transplanter" and explain its proper usage and adjustment techniques.
First, preparing the field is essential for optimal performance. The quality of the field preparation directly affects the effectiveness of the transplanting process. Therefore, careful cultivation is necessary.
1. The field should be level, with a height difference not exceeding 3 cm after tilling.
2. The field must be clean, free from weeds and debris. The mud should be soft and not too wet or dry to prevent the machine from sinking or getting stuck.
Second, seedling preparation is crucial. Strong and healthy seedlings should be grown in the nursery. They should be cut into 58x28 cm blocks using a sharp knife. The moisture level of the soil in the seedling tray is important—too dry and the seedlings may scatter; too wet and they may float or be over-planted.
Third, before operating the transplanter, check the fuel and oil levels in the engine, lubricate all moving parts, and ensure all bolts and nuts are tightened securely.
Fourth, perform five key adjustments:
1. The clearance between the pin and rail socket should be between 1.3–1.7 mm. Adjust the guide rails if the gap is incorrect.
2. The gap between the needle and the seedling box should be 1.5–1.5 mm. Adjust the seedling box position if needed.
3. Adjust the spacing between plants based on soil fertility, variety, and planting time. Typically, set the distance between holes at 120–140 mm.
4. Adjust the planting depth according to agronomic requirements. The depth can be changed by adjusting the handle or replacing the jacks on the floating plate.
5. Adjust the number of seedlings per hole depending on the variety. Usually around 5 seedlings per hole. Adjust the vertical and horizontal feeding mechanisms accordingly.
Fifth, operate the machine carefully. Maintaining a steady speed and straight path is critical for good transplanting quality. Avoid sudden stops or sharp turns. Monitor the seedling roller in the seedling box and clean it if necessary. After finishing the operation, move the seedling box to the left or right to ensure uniform planting.
Proper preparation, adjustment, and operation are essential for achieving successful mechanical rice transplanting. With attention to detail, farmers can maximize the benefits of this efficient technology.
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