In a clinical study, the researchers found that nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, significantly reduces the risk of HIV infection in breastfed infants.
This result is significant in South Africa because in sub-Saharan Africa, breastfeeding is an important cause of HIV infection in healthy newborns. Previous use of antiretroviral drugs can effectively prevent babies from getting HIV at birth, but postpartum breastfeeding has caused many babies to become infected. The World Health Organization recommends the use of drug prophylaxis throughout the lactation period, but the safety of chronic antiretroviral drugs has not been evaluated.
To this end, Coovadia et al. studied 1,527 six-week-old infants of 1,505 HIV-positive women and then grouped them to receive nevirapine and placebo, respectively. From the intervention to 6 months of age or at the end of lactation as the study endpoint, the results were as follows: Of the 700 infants who received nevirapine, 8 were infected with HIV at 6 months of age or at the end of breastfeeding, and 699 in the placebo control group. 18; the infection rate was 1.1% in the nevirapine group, 2.4% in the control group, 54% in the nevirapine group, 1.2% in the nevirapine group, and 1.1% in the control group, there was no significant difference between the two; HIV infection The sum of the rate and mortality was 2.3% and 3.2%, respectively, and there was no significant difference; severe adverse reactions were 125/758 (15%) and 116/761 (16%), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups.
According to the authors, the results are of great significance for those who are more immunogenic and do not use highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
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