Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as the ginkgo tree or Gongsun tree, is a deciduous species belonging to the family Ginkgoaceae. It thrives in sunny, warm, and humid environments, is cold-resistant, and prefers well-drained, loose, and fertile sandy soils. In 2001, Shanghai Hengda Garden Development Co., Ltd. transplanted a total of 523 large ginkgo trees, each with a trunk diameter over 30 cm and a height of 12 meters or more. However, after transplantation, the trees faced significant challenges.
From late March to April 2001, the trees began to show signs of leaf emergence. By late May to early June, most of the leaves shrank to less than 1 cm in size and then fell off. This led to severe decline in growth and survival rates. By mid-June, the condition worsened further. The trees became vulnerable to pests such as leaf roller moths and leaf blight, which not only affected ginkgo but also spread to other nearby trees.
After detailed observation, dissection, and research, it was determined that the root cause was improper transplanting practices. Some trees had their roots damaged during the process, the soil was not properly compacted, the root balls were too small, and the planting depth was incorrect. Poor technical guidance and inadequate supervision also contributed to the problem.
To address the issue, several measures were taken. First, pruning was conducted to reduce water and nutrient consumption and stimulate tree vigor. Second, insecticides like dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate (80%) and kerukole EC (40%) were applied three times in succession to control leaf roller moths. Third, carbendazim WP (50%) was used to treat ginkgo leaf blight, applied three times. Fourth, the base of the tree was carefully earthed up to promote root respiration and nutrient absorption, while ensuring shallow planting for deep-rooted species. Fifth, foliar sprays of ABT rooting powder mixed with KHâ‚‚POâ‚„ were used at concentrations of 50 ppm ABT3 and 200 ppm KHâ‚‚POâ‚„. Sixth, urea fertilizer was applied on rainy days to boost nutrition. Lastly, severely affected trees were treated with high-dose infusions, including a mixture of 200 ppm ABT3 and 1000 ppm KHâ‚‚POâ‚„, leading to recovery within two weeks.
Thanks to timely and accurate interventions, the ginkgo trees gradually regained vitality. After two months of effort, they showed improved growth and resilience against environmental stresses like drought and heat. The survival rate is now expected to exceed 98%.
In addition, seedlings are prone to sapling rot during the rainy season, especially when soil temperatures are high. Symptoms include stem burns and bacterial infections through wounds. Waterlogging and low-lying areas increase the risk of disease. Early signs include brown lesions at the base, followed by phloem rot and plant death.
Control methods focus on prevention. Providing shade or using grass cover can help lower soil temperature. Diseased plants should be removed promptly, and bactericides like carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture, or ferrous sulfate can be applied effectively.
Other common pests include green beetles, longhorn beetles, and tussahs. Regular monitoring and integrated pest management are essential for maintaining healthy ginkgo populations.
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