Cucumber flower bud differentiation begins early, typically completing during the seedling stage. However, this process is plastic and can be influenced by environmental and cultural practices to encourage more female flowers. Here are some effective methods:
First, selecting high-quality seeds plays a crucial role. Seeds stored properly under optimal conditions can remain viable for up to one year and may result in a higher percentage of female flowers.
Second, pruning techniques can significantly affect flower development. When cucumber plants have around 25 leaves, topping the main vine helps promote female flower formation. For vining varieties, removing side vines when the first 1-2 fruits appear can also increase the proportion of female flowers.
Third, optimizing fertilization is essential. Cucumbers thrive in neutral soil, and applying organic fertilizer can enhance the number of female flowers. Additionally, using active liquid fertilizers like Huimanfeng—diluted at 100 ml per acre in 50 kg of water—can activate the soil and stimulate female flower growth. A chemical fertilizer application of 100 grams per acre in 50 kg of water can also help. Spraying photosynthesis fertilizer (200 grams per acre in 25-50 kg of water) can reduce photorespiration and further support the development of female flowers.
Fourth, low temperature treatment can influence flower bud differentiation. Applying a low-temperature regime 10 to 30 days after planting, with daytime temperatures between 25°C and 28°C, and nighttime temperatures between 14°C and 15°C, can enhance female flower production. Limiting sunlight exposure to 8 hours per day by covering the plants with shade cloth can also be beneficial. Adding phosphorus-rich nutrients to the nursery soil can further support the development of female flower buds.
By implementing these strategies, growers can effectively manage cucumber flower differentiation and improve overall yield and quality.
Han Yuan red peppercorns
Sichuan Liuhang Agriculture Co.Ltd , https://www.lhagriculture.com