Summer is a high-risk season for various open-field plant diseases, and the frequency and intensity of rainfall play a crucial role in disease development. The more rain and the longer the rainy periods, the more severe the outbreaks tend to be. Over the past ten years, particularly since the late 1990s in the Beijing region, vegetable diseases during the summer have been relatively mild, which aligns with the generally favorable climate characterized by less precipitation and more sunlight. However, climate change is inherently uncertain and exhibits quasi-periodic patterns, making it difficult to predict accurately. Historically, it has been rare for there to be nearly a decade without significant disease occurrences. This year, spring saw abundant rainfall—72.9 mm more than the average for the same period—and early summer experienced 64.5 mm more rain than usual in June. These conditions pose a risk for serious disease outbreaks. Therefore, all relevant departments and vegetable farmers are advised to remain vigilant, take preventive measures in advance, and ensure an adequate supply of pesticides to respond effectively. In case of adverse weather, prompt action must be taken to prevent and control disease spread, especially to safeguard off-season vegetables and the capital market in August.
1. Focus on key diseases such as Tomato Late Blight, Eggplant Blight, Sweet (Spice) Pepper Disease, Cucumber Diseases, Eggplant Brown Vein, Rack Bean, Cucumber Anthracnose, Cucumber Bacterial Leaf Spot, and Cucumber Leaf Burn. Strengthen field inspections, closely monitor disease dynamics, and stay updated with weather forecasts. Be proactive and prepared for any potential issues.
2. Implement effective field management practices that prioritize disease prevention and control. Water plants according to weather conditions, soil moisture, and crop growth stages, preferably in the morning or evening. Avoid overwatering to prevent waterlogging. Ensure proper drainage systems are in place. Perform timely cultivation, top-dressing, and weeding to promote healthy root development, prevent early aging, and enhance disease resistance. Reduce humidity in the field microclimate by applying appropriate amounts of organic manure and focusing on phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Remove diseased leaves and fruits promptly and bury them deeply. Avoid smoking while working in the fields, and when pruning, isolate healthy plants from infected ones. Wash hands thoroughly with soapy water after handling virus-infected materials.
3. Based on field surveys, choose the most suitable control agents in a timely manner.
For Tomato Late Blight, Eggplant Blight, Sweet (Spice) Pepper, and Cucumber Epidemics: Use 72% Copper Oxychloride Manganese Zinc WP at 600 times dilution, or 69% Azoxystrobin Manganese Zinc (AZM) WDG at 600 times, or 72.2% Feroxcarb SC at 600 times, or 68% Jinlei (Fine Arsenic Manganese Zinc) WDG at 600–800 times. For sweet (spicy) pepper blight, spray not only the upper parts but also the stem base and surrounding areas.
For Eggplant Brown Spot, Sweet (Hot) Pepper, Rack Bean, and Cucumber Anthracnose: Apply 70% Mancozeb WP at 400–500 times dilution initially, or 80% Mancozeb WP at 600 times, or 50% Benefits (Bacteroides spp.) WP at 800–1000 times.
For Cucumber Bacterial Angular Spot and Rack Bean Leaf Burn: Use Neomycin at 4000–5000 times dilution, or 47% Garrinong (Spring King Copper) WP at 800 times.
In addition, under conditions of high humidity, heat, and frequent rain, tea pests that affect many vegetables may rapidly multiply and spread. Increase monitoring efforts, and if infestations occur, apply 1.8% Abamectin EC at 4000–4500 times, or 5% Flubendiamide EC at 1500–2000 times, or 2.5% Kung Fu EC at 2000 times, or 20% Chloramphenicol at 2000 times. Focus spraying on young plants to protect them effectively.
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