How does wheat combine to defend against dry hot wind?

What is dry hot air? Dry hot air is one of the major meteorological disasters in agricultural production. It is an atmospheric drought phenomenon with high temperature and low temperature accompanied by certain wind power. Daily maximum temperature ≥32°C, 14 hour relative humidity ≤30% and wind speed ≥2m/s is light dry hot air; daily maximum temperature ≥35°C, relative humidity 14h ≤25%, and wind speed ≥3m/s Heavy dry day. In Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province, the southerly or southwesterly wind is blown to the surface, and when the temperature, humidity, and wind speed reach the target, dry hot winds form.

The damage caused by dry hot air to wheat is often caused by the sudden increase in temperature, sudden drop in humidity, dry heat during the day and night, and the strengthening effect of the wind. As a result, wheat transpires and loses water, water supply and demand are imbalanced, and normal physiological activities are destroyed or suppressed. After the wheat is damaged by dry hot wind, the stalks and leaves and stems dehydration from the top to the base after the dehydration, the leaves will become yellow or the leaves will shrink and wither, the grains will dry up, and the grain weight will decline. When the light-dry hot wind is used, the output can be reduced by 5-10%. Heavy year can reduce production by 10-20%.

How to prevent dry hot air? Defensive dry hot air should take comprehensive measures, mainly biological defense, agricultural defense and chemical defense.

Biodefense is the use of biological inhibition of dry hot winds, and the use of living organisms to improve the ecological environment to resist dry hot wind. Afforestation, the creation of shelterbelts and the implementation of forestry and grain intercropping are important biological measures to improve ecological climate and prevent dry and hot winds in a relatively large area. For example, the three-dimensional model of jujube, wheat, and peanut in Zhangjia Township of Dayi County can effectively resist the damage of dry hot wind.

The use of comprehensive agricultural techniques, such as the use of base fertilizer to promote the use of composted compost, increase organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer; use of dry and hot wind resistant wheat varieties, in Dagu County, wheat varieties selected Wunong 148, Xiaoyu 22, Zheng Mai 9023 and other varieties It is advisable to pour grouting water, wheat yellow water, and supplement the evaporated water.

Use chemical defense measures: First, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spraying 1-2 times of 0.2-0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 1-2% of urea solution during wheat booting to grain filling; From the flowering stage of wheat to the early stage of grain filling, spraying 6-10% of the plant ash extraction liquid; the third is spraying the brassinolide plant growth regulator at the jointing stage to the grain filling stage of wheat, which can improve the ability of wheat to resist dry hot wind.

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