First, observe how long the fish spend feeding at the feeding area. If they consume their usual amount of feed within less than two hours, it may indicate that the feed is insufficient. Some fish might not eat at all or only take a small portion, which means you should increase the quantity appropriately. If the feed amount remains constant over ten days, but by the end of that period, the fish finish the food in under two hours, it suggests they have grown and need more feed. When using pellet feed, if the fish continue to swim on the surface and don’t go down to the "second floor" of the water, it could mean they’re still hungry. For example, if schools of fish scatter after feeding and there are leftovers, it shows they’re full, and you can reduce the amount accordingly.
Second, if the water surface is unusually calm and the fish are very active, check for parasites or signs of hunger. In breeding ponds, when fry start swimming rapidly around the pond, this is often a sign of poor feed palatability and severe hunger, commonly referred to as "race horse disease."
Third, regularly monitor fish growth—once a month is recommended. If the fish are stocked at an appropriate density, with a balanced mix and no signs of disease, but their growth is significantly below target size, and there’s a big difference in individual sizes, it likely means some fish are not getting enough food and are starving or semi-starved.
Fourth, in ponds where fish are raised primarily, if the water transparency exceeds 40 cm, or the water changes from clear to murky, or if the carp have large heads, small tails, narrow backs, and weak swimming ability, even with some individuals dying and floating on the surface, it indicates a lack of plankton, leading to slow growth.
Fifth, to determine if squid (or other bottom-dwelling species) are hungry or full, check the water clarity. If the entire pond appears very turbid (yellowish in color), it suggests that the squid are frequently feeding on the bottom, which is a sign they are in a state of starvation.
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