August is a critical time for flower bud differentiation. During this month, proper management involving both water and fertilizer is essential to prevent the spread of pests and diseases, which can significantly affect the quality and yield of flowers in the following year.
1. **Fertilization**: Applying boron and molybdenum fertilizers through foliar spraying can help promote healthy flower bud development. After the roots have been slightly dried, it's important to apply quick-acting fertilizers before covering the soil to avoid root damage from high concentrations.
2. **Root Drying (Dry Root Technique)**: This technique involves cutting or pruning roots to create a physiological balance between the tree’s nutrient absorption and growth. After the roots are cut, new roots should be encouraged to grow. When these new roots become active, they absorb more nutrients, boosting the overall health of the tree. This increased vigor provides better nutrition for flower bud development. Trees that are more vigorous tend to flower later than weaker ones. The dry root period typically runs from late August to early September, but it may start as early as mid-August due to typhoon or rain effects. It should be completed by mid to late September, before flowering begins. The method involves digging soil on both sides of the tree, about 15 cm deep (or 20 cm if there's a thick layer of soil), and cutting the roots to a fine level. In bio-covered gardens, you can cover the area with mulch first and then dig. Let the roots dry for 15–20 days (up to 25 days if rainy). After drying, replace the soil and cover with grass or mulch.
3. **Pest and Disease Control**: To manage aphids, options include using 10% imidacloprid at 2000–3000 times dilution, 20% butylthiocarbamate at 2000 times, or 40% nicotine sulfate mixed with 0.2–0.3% neutral soap at 800–1000 times. You can also use 1% matrine water agent at 200 times or 25% fluocillin at 2000 times. For navalformis, 10% imidacloprid at 2000 times, 50% malathion at 1000 times, or 0.5% azadirachtin at 800 times are effective. Spraying Bacillus thuringiensis or Beauveria bassiana can also help. For yellow caterpillars, 5% fipronil at 1500 times, 50% phoxim at 1000 times, or 25% diflubenzuron at 1200 times are recommended. Adding 0.2–0.3% neutral soap to 40% nicotine sulfate at 800 times or 1% matrine at 500 times can improve effectiveness. Continue to monitor and control gray spot disease. To prevent resistance, consider adding a new high-fat film to the spray mixture, which helps reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. (Source: China Plant Protection Network – Wei Linfei)
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