In a cornfield, white seedlings often appear during the early growth stage, and this condition is typically caused by zinc deficiency. At the 4-leaf stage, the lower part of the new leaves starts to turn pale yellow or even white. By the time the plant reaches the 5th or 6th leaf stage, yellowish and light green stripes begin to show between the first and third leaves of the whorl. However, the veins remain green, and purplish streaks may appear at the base of the leaves. After about 10 to 15 days, the purple color fades into a yellow-white hue, and the leaves become thin and weak, eventually leading to the condition known as "white seedlings." In severe cases, entire fields can turn completely white.
Zinc-deficient corn plants are usually stunted, with shorter internodes, overlapping leaf sheaths, and a slow-growing central shoot that appears flat on top. As the condition worsens, the white leaves dry out, and the whole plant may die if not addressed in time.
To manage this issue, several control measures can be taken. First, improve the base fertilizer by using high-quality organic manure, supplemented with chemical fertilizers. It's important to apply organic matter properly, ensuring it is well-decomposed and safe for use. Around 2,500 kilograms of quality organic fertilizer per acre is recommended, along with 1.5 kilograms of zinc sulfate. Mix the zinc sulfate with the organic fertilizer and apply it during soil preparation as a base fertilizer.
Second, apply zinc fertilizer during seed treatment. Mix 20–40 grams of zinc sulfate per kilogram of seeds. Dissolve the fertilizer in a small amount of water, spray it onto the seeds, mix thoroughly, and allow them to dry before sowing.
Third, use foliar applications once the "white seedlings" symptoms are observed. A solution of 0.1% to 0.2% zinc sulfate can be sprayed at a rate of 40–50 kg per acre. Begin spraying from the jointing stage of the corn and repeat every 10–15 days, applying it 2–3 times for better results. This method helps restore the plant’s health and prevents further damage.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can effectively address zinc deficiency in corn and ensure healthier growth and higher yields.
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