In corn fields, white seedlings often appear during the early growth stage, which is typically caused by a zinc deficiency. This condition usually becomes noticeable from the 4-leaf stage, when the lower part of the new leaves turns pale yellow or even white. By the time the plant reaches the 5th to 6th leaf stage, yellowish and light green stripes begin to form between the first and third leaves in the whorl. However, the veins remain green, and purplish streaks may appear at the base of the leaves. After about 10 to 15 days, the purple color fades into a yellow-white hue, and the leaves become lighter in weight, giving the appearance of "white seedlings." In severe cases, the entire field can turn white.
Zinc-deficient corn plants are usually stunted, with shorter internodes and overlapping leaf sheaths. The growing tip becomes flat, and the overall growth is slow. If left untreated, the affected leaves gradually dry out, leading to the death of the entire plant.
To manage this issue, several control measures can be taken. First, improve the base fertilizer by using a combination of organic and chemical fertilizers. It's important to apply well-decomposed organic manure to ensure it's safe and effective. Apply approximately 2,500 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, along with 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate. Mix the zinc sulfate thoroughly with the organic fertilizer and incorporate it into the soil during land preparation.
Second, use zinc-coated seeds. Mix 20–40 grams of zinc sulfate per kilogram of corn seeds. Before planting, dissolve the zinc fertilizer in a small amount of water, spray it onto the seeds, mix well, and allow them to dry before sowing.
Third, apply foliar sprays of zinc fertilizer. Once the symptoms of "white seedlings" are observed, spray a 0.1–0.2% zinc sulfate solution at a rate of 40–50 kg per acre. Begin spraying from the jointing stage, and repeat every 10–15 days, applying it 2–3 times for better results. This method helps restore the plant’s health and prevents further damage.
By implementing these practices, farmers can effectively address zinc deficiency and promote healthier, more productive corn crops.
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