August is a critical time for flower bud differentiation. During this period, proper management is essential to ensure healthy growth and high yield for the following year. Water and fertilizer should be carefully managed, and measures must be taken to prevent pests and diseases, which can significantly affect the development of flower buds.
1. **Fertilization**
To support flower bud formation, it's recommended to spray boron and molybdenum fertilizers. After the roots have been slightly dried, apply a quick-acting fertilizer before covering the soil to avoid root damage from high concentrations. This helps promote strong and healthy plant growth, which in turn supports better flower bud development.
2. **Root Drying (Root Pruning)**
Root drying, or root cutting, is an effective technique that helps balance the nutrient and physiological load of the plant. By limiting root activity, the plant focuses more on developing new roots and absorbing nutrients efficiently. This process strengthens the tree’s vitality, providing the necessary energy for flower bud development. Trees with stronger growth tend to flower later than weaker ones. The optimal timing for this process is from late August to early September, though it may start as early as mid-August if affected by weather conditions like typhoons or heavy rain. The process typically ends in mid to late September, before the flowering season begins.
The method involves digging around the roots on both sides, about 15 cm deep (or 20 cm if the soil is thick), and cutting through the main and fine roots. In bio-covered gardens, you can cover the area with a layer of mulch before digging. Let the roots dry for 15–20 days (up to 25 days if it rains). Afterward, cover the soil with fresh earth and grass to protect the roots.
3. **Pest and Disease Control**
Several common pests, such as aphids, leaf miners, and yellow caterpillars, can harm plants during this period. To control them:
- For aphids: Use 10% imidacloprid at 2000–3000 times dilution, or 20% butylthiocarbamate at 2000 times, or a mixture of 40% nicotine sulfate (800–1000 times) with 0.2–0.3% neutral soap, or 1% matrine water agent at 200 times, or 25% fluocillin at 2000 times.
- For leaf miners: Apply 10% imidacloprid at 2000 times, or 50% malathion at 1000 times, or 0.5% azadirachtin at 800 times, or spray Bacillus thuringiensis or Beauveria bassiana.
- For yellow caterpillars: Use 5% fipronil at 1500 times, or 50% phoxim at 1000 times, or 25% diflubenzuron at 1200 times, or 50% malathion at 1000 times, or 40% nicotine sulfate (800 times) mixed with 0.2–0.3% neutral soap, or 1% matrine at 500 times.
Additionally, gray spot disease should be monitored and controlled. To enhance effectiveness and reduce resistance, consider adding a new high-fat film to the pesticide mix. This helps maintain long-term pest and disease control, ensuring healthier plants and better yields for the next season.
(China Plant Protection Network: Wei Linfei)
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