This month marks the transition from summer to autumn, with two important solar terms: *Liqiu* (around the 7th or 8th) and *Shuishi* (around the 23rd or 24th). The average temperature remains similar to the previous month, hovering around 29°C. It's still one of the hottest months of the year, so maintaining shade is crucial. When temperatures stay below 28°C, you can use curtains to protect orchids from direct sunlight. For indoor orchids, ensure good ventilation and cooling to prevent heat stress.
As the air becomes drier after the start of autumn, watering becomes more critical. Make sure to water regularly and follow the wisdom of ancient horticulturists who warned about the dryness of this season. If there’s a long period without rain, increase humidity by misting, especially to avoid leaf tip burn and promote healthy growth in your orchids.
With the high summer heat behind us, orchids have used up a lot of nutrients. Apply organic fertilizer in mid to late September. Dilute it properly after sterilization, and alternate between different types every ten days. This month, consider increasing phosphorus and potassium to encourage bud formation and support the growth of new shoots and early spring buds. However, be careful not to over-fertilize—apply only when the growing medium is slightly dry and temperatures drop below 30°C, preferably in the evening on sunny days. Water them the next morning to help the roots absorb nutrients effectively.
Typhoons may hit this month, so it’s essential to secure your orchid pots and protect them from strong winds. After a typhoon, the weather tends to be hot and sunny, so check and repair any damaged shade structures to prevent sunburn on your orchids.
Insect activity is at its peak this month, so pest control is vital. Use appropriate treatments like *omethoate* for scale insects and *diclofen* for red spider mites. Avoid using *carbofuran* as it can harm beneficial organisms. Keep lights off at night to reduce moth attraction, which can lead to other pests invading your pots. This is also a high-risk time for diseases like soft rot and stem rot, so continue regular sterilization. Use antibiotics like *streptomycin*, *chlorothalonil*, and *thiophanate-methyl*, not just on the leaves but throughout the entire orchid area. Apply these in the late afternoon on sunny days for best results.
Autumn sunlight helps strengthen the bluegrass, improving its resistance to pests, diseases, and cold. Gradually increase light exposure after the start of autumn, but avoid the intense heat of "autumn tigers." Once temperatures drop below 28°C, you can open the shade nets earlier and use transparent curtains to allow more light while protecting against harsh rays.
This month is also a time when Jianlan (a type of orchid) is in full bloom. After flowering, remove the spent blooms promptly to encourage new growth and feed the plant. Trim old or diseased leaves to prevent disease spread and maintain the health and appearance of your orchids.
Lastly, avoid repotting, dividing, or introducing new plants this month. The rhizomes are more vulnerable to pathogens, and older plants may suffer from transplant shock. Be cautious and wait until conditions are more stable.
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