First, select the right cattle. The key is to identify lean cows with good fattening potential. Cows that are underweight due to poor feeding, improper management, or low-quality feed may be a good choice for fattening. However, avoid buying older cows, those suffering from digestive issues, infectious diseases, or those that are extremely weak in health.
Second, provide a suitable housing environment. Create a quiet, clean, and comfortable space for the lean cows to reduce stress and promote better health. A well-ventilated barn with proper bedding can significantly improve their overall well-being.
Third, group the cattle properly. Newly purchased lean cows should be grouped based on age, sex, and nutritional condition. This helps in efficient management and allows for timely adjustments in feeding strategies to meet each group's specific needs.
Fourth, conduct a thorough health check. Before starting the fattening process, ensure the cows are free from external parasites. Administer deworming treatments as needed and consider using digestive stimulants to enhance their appetite and digestion.
Fifth, provide high-quality feed. The diet should be balanced, nutritious, and easy to digest. Corn, bran, and soybean meal should be cooked for better nutrient absorption. Straw should be treated with ammonia or stored microbially to improve its quality. Fresh green feed should be clean and of moderate length, while root crops like sweet potatoes must be washed and chopped. During dry seasons, supplement with green fodder or silage to maintain nutrition.
Sixth, ensure clean and adequate water supply. Water should be at a suitable temperature, clean, and supplemented with 0.3% salt to support hydration. Avoid offering contaminated or cold water, and prevent overdrinking by maintaining a consistent water schedule.
Seventh, limit physical activity. Reduce exercise during the fattening period to conserve energy. Regularly wash the cows to keep them clean and healthy, which also helps in preventing skin infections.
Eighth, focus on disease prevention. Due to their weakened state and reduced activity, lean cows are more prone to illness. Monitor their behavior and appetite closely, adjust the feed accordingly, and maintain cleanliness by regularly removing manure and debris. Implement strict biosecurity measures to prevent disease outbreaks.
Ninth, use feed additives wisely. Additives such as probiotics, enzymes, or growth promoters can improve feed efficiency and accelerate weight gain. However, they should be used according to the cow’s condition and under professional guidance.
Tenth, monitor and decide on the right time for slaughter. Keep track of the cows’ growth and body condition through regular weigh-ins. When the cow is in good shape and shows a slowing growth rate, it may be ready for slaughter. Additionally, consider market prices and sell when the conditions are favorable.
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