After the grapes appear in late autumn, they are directly planted in Daejeon without going through a wintering period. This method allows the plants to establish strong root systems early, as the soil and roots come into direct contact once the buds begin to grow the following year. This leads to better water and nutrient absorption, faster root development, and more vigorous sprouting. As a result, the survival rate of the seedlings typically reaches around 98%.
Autumn planting is best done two weeks after the leaves have normally fallen. In regions such as northern Jiangsu, Anhui, and southern Shandong, this usually falls between November 10th and December 15th. However, it's not advisable to plant in areas north of Beijing or in the colder parts of Northeast China, as the ground may freeze before the planting season ends.
Before planting, the selected site should be prepared by digging and creating raised beds with a double-row fence system. The spacing between rows should be 2 meters, and within the row, 1 meter apart, resulting in approximately 333 plants per acre. Each planting line should not exceed 70 meters in length. Trenches are dug 50 cm deep, with the topsoil and subsoil separated. A mixture of organic fertilizer (5,000 kg per acre), 200 kg of superphosphate, and 150 kg of cooked soybean cake is used for fertilization. The mature soil is first placed at the bottom of the trench, followed by half of the fertilizer, then covered with 25 cm of mature soil. The remaining half of the fertilizer is mixed into the upper layer of soil. The final layer should be 10 cm above the ground level, followed by thorough irrigation. Only mature soil should be used for filling; raw soil must not be used. Ideally, the trenches should be filled and leveled one week before planting to ensure proper preparation.
When planting, the seedlings are placed in the center of the trench, and small pits are dug according to the desired spacing. Before planting, the seedlings are soaked in water for three hours. After removing them, any damaged roots and long fine roots are trimmed, and the roots are dipped in a mix of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. They are then placed into the pits and immediately covered with soil and watered to ensure the roots are fully submerged. Planting should be done carefully, ensuring that the roots are not left hanging. Once the ridges are formed, hoeing and watering should follow. If the weather is dry, watering once a week is recommended, allowing the water to seep in slightly before tilling and covering with mulch. The soil surface is gently beaten with a shovel, and the ridge height should be between 15-20 cm.
In the second year, from March 15th to 25th, the soil should be loosened and watered again. After slight drying, the field is leveled and compacted. Herbicides like acetochlor are applied to control weeds. Immediately after, a 80–100 cm wide plastic film is laid over the area. Small holes are made on the mulch to allow the upper branches of the grape seedlings to emerge. A small amount of fine soil is placed around the base of the plants to keep the mulch tightly sealed. Finally, the plastic film is removed after the wheat has been harvested.
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