Celery hollowing is a common issue that affects the quality and yield of the crop. Understanding its causes and implementing proper prevention strategies can significantly improve the growth and development of celery plants.
First, let's explore the main causes of hollowing in celery:
1. In protected cultivation, if the temperature is too low, there's insufficient light, or frost damage occurs, it can reduce the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. This leads to impaired root function, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water, which in turn can cause hollowing in the stems.
2. In open field conditions, high temperatures and drought are primary contributors to hollowing. Especially during summer, when the temperature difference between day and night is minimal, excessive respiration can occur. If soil moisture is unevenly distributed, it may inhibit the roots' ability to absorb and transport essential elements. This not only affects the growth of the terminal buds but also thickens the cells in the petiole, causing aging and rupture of the parenchyma cells.
3. Delayed harvesting can also lead to hollowing. As the plant matures, its root system becomes less efficient at absorbing nutrients, leading to cell rupture, loose tissue, and an overall hollow appearance in the petioles.
4. Improper water and fertilizer management can contribute to this problem. Celery has a weak root system and is sensitive to certain fertilizers. It requires a balanced supply of nutrients throughout its growth cycle. Nitrogen is particularly important for leaf development, while phosphorus supports early growth and leaf differentiation. Potassium plays a key role in nutrient transport and stem strength. If these nutrients are lacking, especially during the critical growing stages, the petioles may become hollow.
5. Soil conditions also play a role. If the soil is saline, alkaline, or has poor texture (either too sandy or too clayey), it increases the likelihood of hollowing. Additionally, severe pest and disease infestations can further weaken the plant, making it more prone to hollowing.
To prevent hollowing, consider the following measures:
1. Choose high-quality, disease-resistant seeds from reputable suppliers. Selecting suitable varieties can help reduce the risk of hollowing.
2. Plant celery in well-drained, fertile sandy loam soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. Avoid clay or overly sandy soils, as they can hinder proper growth.
3. Maintain appropriate temperature conditions. Celery thrives in cool, moist environments. During indoor cultivation, keep daytime temperatures between 15-23°C and nighttime temperatures around 10°C, ensuring they don’t drop below 5°C. Proper ventilation helps control humidity and reduces disease risk.
4. Implement timely and balanced watering and fertilization. Apply organic compost at a rate of about 5,000 kg per 667 square meters, along with 100-200 kg of fermented chicken manure or 15 kg of diammonium phosphate. During the growing season, apply top-dressing with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers every 15 days. Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during hot weather, and avoid overwatering.
5. Monitor and manage pests and diseases regularly. Healthy foliage ensures sufficient nutrient supply to the petiole cells, supporting strong plant growth. Timely harvesting is also crucial to prevent the occurrence of hollowing.
By following these practices, you can effectively reduce the incidence of hollowing in celery, resulting in healthier, more productive crops.
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