1. Characteristics
Torreya grandis is a tall, deciduous tree that stands out as a unique and fast-growing timber species in China. It can reach heights of up to 25 meters, with a trunk diameter of around 70 cm at breast height. The bark is typically brownish or grayish-brown, featuring irregular longitudinal strips that flake off over time. The leaves are alternate and pinnate, measuring between 25 to 50 cm in length, and have a pleasant scent. The leaflets are opposite, numbering 10 to 22 per leaf. The flowers are bisexual and form cone-shaped inflorescences at the top of the tree. They are white, fragrant, and bloom in June. The fruits mature by October.2. Cultivation Points
(1) Seed Production and Nursery Seeds are generally harvested from August to September. After drying, they should be stored in a well-ventilated and dry area. These seeds have a short lifespan and lose viability after more than one year of storage. Each seed weighs about 13 grams, with a germination rate of 50% to 60%. For sowing, seeds should be soaked in warm water for 15–20 hours, followed by a 10-hour soak in clear water. After removing the germinated seeds, they should be kept at a temperature of 20–25°C until cracking, then planted. Sowing usually takes place in February or March, with a row spacing of 25 cm and a sowing rate of 2.5–4 kg per mu. Once the seedlings emerge, regular weeding and soil loosening are essential. When the seedlings reach 5–6 cm in height, thinning begins, and plants are spaced 15–20 cm apart. Weeding, soil loosening, and light nitrogen fertilization help promote healthy growth. From July to August, nitrogen fertilizers are primarily used, with some phosphorus and potassium added for balance. Vegetative propagation is also effective, especially through root cuttings. This method is simple, has a high survival rate, and produces strong, uniform seedlings. Roots from 1–2-year-old seedlings or lateral roots from vigorous trees are ideal. These roots are collected in early spring (February–March), cut into 15–20 cm lengths, and planted. A density of 30,000–45,000 plants per hectare is recommended. Root thickness should be graded to ensure even growth. To prevent root rot, it's important to maintain proper moisture and avoid overwatering. If drought occurs, watering between rows can be done. After rain or irrigation, the soil should be lightly tilled. When the seedlings reach 10 cm in height, weak shoots should be removed, leaving one strong bud. (2) Afforestation Techniques Afforestation sites should be chosen on sunny slopes with deep, fertile, and moist soils. Before planting, basal fertilizers should be applied. The planting depth should cover the root collar by 3 cm. A density of 1800–2250 plants per hectare is ideal. Torreya grandis can be planted along river valleys near villages, roadsides, behind houses, and on lower slopes. After planting, timely weeding, soil loosening, topdressing, irrigation, and pruning are necessary. The tree is vulnerable to leaf-eating insects, particularly in spring and summer.3. Development Value
Torreya grandis has high nutritional value, with its axillary buds being a popular woody vegetable rich in vitamins and carotene. It holds significant economic and medicinal value. Its wood is deep reddish-purple, with a fine texture, luster, and durability, making it ideal for furniture, construction, and shipbuilding. Known as "China’s mahogany," it is highly valued. The tree is also an ornamental species, with striking red autumn foliage, earning it the nickname "Red Clam." The seeds contain 38.5% oil, which is considered an excellent edible oil.4. Distribution Range
Torreya grandis adapts well to various environments and can grow up to altitudes of 1600–1800 meters. However, it is most commonly found below 1500 meters in mountainous and plain areas. In regions like Fuzhou, Fucheng, Fu’an, Luoyuan, Minhou, and Luanqing, it is widely distributed, though often in scattered patches. In recent years, large-scale artificial plantations have been established in places such as Fucheng, Fu’an, Minhou, and Luoyuan, showing growing interest in this valuable species.Drainage system, Disposable Drainage system, Medical Drainage system, Wound Drainage system, PVC Drainage system
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